Thick-billed Euphonia

The thick-billed euphonia (Euphonia laniirostris) is a species of bird in the family Fringillidae, the finches and euphonias. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. == Taxonomy and systematics == The thick-billed euphonia was originally described in 1837 with its current binomial Euphonia laniirostris (though spelled as "E. lanii rostris"). The genus Euphonia had long been placed in the family Thraupidae, the "true" tanagers. Multiple studies in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries resulted in its being reassigned to its present place in the family Fringillidae. The thick-billed euphonia has these five subspecies: E. l. crassirostris Sclater, PL, 1857 E. l. melanura Sclater, PL, 1851 E. l. hypoxantha Berlepsch & Taczanowski, 1884 E. l. zopholega (Oberholser, 1918) E. l. laniirostris D'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837 Subspecies E. l. melanura was originally described as a full species. Within Euphonia laniirostris the Clements taxonomy and the American Ornithological Society treat E. l. melanura and E. l. crassirostris as the "thick-billed euphonia (black-tailed)" and the other three subspecies as the "thick-billed euphonia (thick-billed). == Description == The thick-billed euphonia is about 10 cm (3.9 in) long and weighs 13 to 16.5 g (0.46 to 0.58 oz).…