Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant

The pearly-vented tody-tyrant (Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile, Ecuador, French Guiana, and Suriname. == Taxonomy and systematics == The pearly-vented tody-tyrant has a complicated taxonomic history. It was originally described in 1837 as Todirostrum margaritacei venter. At various times since then it has been placed in genera Euscarthmornis and Idioptilon, both of which were eventually merged into Hemitriccus. The pearly-vented tody-tyrant has these nine subspecies: H. m. impiger (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1868) H. m. septentrionalis (Chapman, 1914) H. m. chiribiquetensis Stiles, 1995 H. m. duidae (Chapman, 1929) H. m. auyantepui (Gilliard, 1941) H. m. breweri (Phelps, WH Jr, 1977) H. m. rufipes (Tschudi, 1844) H. m. margaritaceiventer (D'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) H. m. wuchereri (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1873) What is now Pelzeln's tody-tyrant (H. inornatus) was previously treated as a subspecies of the pearly-vented tody-tyrant. == Description == The pearly-vented tody-tyrant is about 10 to 11 cm (3.9 to 4.3 in) long and weighs 7 to 10 g (0.25 to 0.35 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies H. m. margaritaceiventer have a…