Cigüeña blanca
Photo © Dr. Sven Gippner
Photo © Dr. Sven Gippner — CC BY 4.0 — Source: iNaturalist photo #359841134La cigüeña blanca (Ciconia ciconia) es una especie de ave Ciconiiforme de gran tamaño, perteneciente a la familia Ciconiidae. Su plumaje es mayoritariamente blanco con negro en las alas, y las patas y el pico de los adultos adquieren un color rojo. Mide un promedio de 100 y 115 cm desde la punta del pico hasta el final de la cola, y sus alas pueden llegar a tener una envergadura entre 155 y 215 cm. Las dos subespecies, que son ligeramente diferentes por su tamaño, se aparean en Europa, el noreste y sur de África y el suroeste de Asia. El 25 % de la población mundial está concentrada en Polonia.
La cigüeña blanca es un ave migratoria de grandes distancias. Pasa el invierno en África desde la zona subsahariana hasta el sur, en el subcontinente indio y en zonas de la península arábiga. Al migrar entre Europa y África evita cruzar el mar Mediterráneo, por lo que realiza un desvío por el Levante mediterráneo en oriente, o por el estrecho de Gibraltar en occidente, debido a que las columnas térmicas que necesita no se forman sobre el agua.
Al ser un ave carnívora, la cigüeña blanca se alimenta de una gran variedad de pequeños animales, incluyendo insectos, peces, reptiles y pequeños mamíferos y aves. Consigue la mayor parte de su comida en el suelo, en zonas de baja vegetación o en fuentes de agua de poca profundidad. Es un reproductor monógamo que se empareja para toda la vida. Los dos miembros de la pareja construyen un nido de gran tamaño que puede ser utilizado por varios años. Cada año la hembra pone alrededor de cuatro huevos, que eclosionan de forma asíncrona treinta y tres o treinta y cuatro días después de haber sido puestos. Los dos adultos hacen turnos para incubar los huevos y ambos deben alimentar a los polluelos. Las crías dejan el nido entre los cincuenta y ocho a sesenta y cuatro días después de haber nacido; luego de ese periodo deben continuar siendo alimentados por los adultos por un periodo de siete a veinte días más.
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+50 aves
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+70 aves+1 mamíferos
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+130 aves+25 mamíferos
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+105 aves+29 mamíferos
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+126 aves+28 mamíferos
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VER PARQUE NACIONALAún no hay observaciones de la comunidad de esta especie.