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World atlas

Makalu Barun National Park

National Park · Nepal

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Photo © Indra Rai

Photo © Indra Rai — CC BY-SA 4.0 — Source: Wikimedia Commons

ABOUT

Where the Eastern Himalayas rise in dramatic relief above the Koshi River valley, Makalu Barun National Park protects one of the world's most vertically compressed ecological gradients. The park's terrain sweeps from subtropical river corridors at around 300 metres elevation to the alpine tundra zones crowning peaks above 8,000 metres—a span that encompasses forest types, meadows, and barren high-altitude terrain dictated by the ET climate classification that governs the region. Winters bring snow to the higher elevations and significantly reduced precipitation throughout, while summers offer brief windows of growth across the lower slopes and valleys. The vegetation moves progressively from broadleaf and mixed forests in the foothills through coniferous zones to dwarf scrub and lichen-covered barrens as altitude increases. Within this stratified landscape live birds of prey adapted to soaring above rocky ridges, high-altitude specialists among the passerines, small mammals of the forest floor and alpine meadows, and larger ungulates that move seasonally between elevation bands as resources shift.

Website dnpwc.gov.np/protected_areas/details/makalubarunnationalpark

WILDLIFE

Type

Tragopan satyra

Tibetan Snowcock

Tetraogallus tibetanus

Columba leuconota

Asian Barred Owlet

Glaucidium cuculoides

Darjeeling Woodpecker

Dendrocopos darjellensis

Falco tinnunculus

Oriolus traillii

Grey-backed Shrike

Lanius tephronotus

Red-billed Chough

Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax

Pyrrhocorax graculus

Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher

Culicicapa ceylonensis

Green-backed Tit

Parus monticolus

White-browed Fulvetta

Fulvetta vinipectus

Whiskered Yuhina

Yuhina flavicollis

Stripe-throated Yuhina

Scaly Laughingthrush

Trochalopteron subunicolor

Black-faced Laughingthrush

Trochalopteron affine

Heterophasia capistrata

Hoary-throated Barwing

Actinodura nipalensis

Bar-throated Minla

Actinodura strigula

Red-tailed Minla

Minla ignotincta

Troglodytes troglodytes

Rusty-flanked Treecreeper

Certhia nipalensis

Dark-sided Flycatcher

Muscicapa sibirica

Little Forktail

Enicurus scouleri

Rufous-breasted Bush Robin

Tarsiger hyperythrus

Himalayan Bluetail

Tarsiger rufilatus

Blue-fronted Redstart

Phoenicurus frontalis

White-capped Redstart

Phoenicurus leucocephalus

Blue Rock Thrush

Monticola solitarius

Orange-bellied Leafbird

Chloropsis hardwickii

Rufous-breasted Accentor

Prunella strophiata

Olive-backed Pipit

Anthus hodgsoni

White-winged Grosbeak

Mycerobas carnipes

Red-headed Bullfinch

Pyrrhula erythrocephala

Plain Mountain Finch

Leucosticte nemoricola

Himalayan White-browed Rosefinch

Carpodacus thura

Bearded Vulture

Gypaetus barbatus

Arborophila torqueola

Ithaginis cruentus

Himalayan Monal

Lophophorus impejanus

Lophura leucomelanos

Apus nipalensis

Large Hawk-Cuckoo

Hierococcyx sparverioides

Cuculus canorus

Oriental Turtle Dove

Streptopelia orientalis

Spilopelia chinensis

Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon

Treron sphenurus

Ibidorhyncha struthersii

Asian Woolly-necked Stork

Ciconia episcopus

Crested Honey Buzzard

Pernis ptilorhynchus

Himalayan Vulture

Gyps himalayensis

Crested Serpent Eagle

Spilornis cheela

Mountain Hawk-Eagle

Nisaetus nipalensis

Hieraaetus pennatus

White-throated Kingfisher

Halcyon smyrnensis

Psilopogon virens

Blue-throated Barbet

Psilopogon asiaticus

Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker

Dendrocopos macei

Grey-headed Woodpecker

Long-tailed Minivet

Pericrocotus ethologus

Scarlet Minivet

Pericrocotus speciosus

Green Shrike-babbler

Pteruthius xanthochlorus

White-browed Shrike-babbler

Pteruthius aeralatus

Dicrurus aeneus

Dicrurus leucophaeus

Dicrurus macrocercus

White-throated Fantail

Rhipidura albicollis

Yellow-billed Blue Magpie

Urocissa flavirostris

Red-billed Blue Magpie

Urocissa erythroryncha

Dendrocitta formosae

Southern Nutcracker

Nucifraga hemispila

Corvus splendens

Large-billed Crow

Corvus macrorhynchos

Yellow-browed Tit

Sylviparus modestus

Rufous-vented Tit

Periparus rubidiventris

Grey-crested Tit

Lophophanes dichrous

Himalayan Black-lored Tit

Machlolophus xanthogenys

Mountain Bulbul

Ixos mcclellandii

Hypsipetes leucocephalus

Red-vented Bulbul

Pycnonotus cafer

Himalayan Bulbul

Pycnonotus leucogenys

Hirundo rustica

Nepal House Martin

Delichon nipalense

Eastern Red-rumped Swallow

Cecropis daurica

Scaly-breasted Cupwing

Pnoepyga albiventer

Black-throated Bushtit

Aegithalos concinnus

Rufous-fronted Bushtit

Aegithalos iouschistos

Buff-barred Warbler

Phylloscopus pulcher

Ashy-throated Warbler

Phylloscopus maculipennis

Hume's Leaf Warbler

Phylloscopus humei

Lemon-rumped Warbler

Phylloscopus chloronotus

Tickell's Leaf Warbler

Phylloscopus affinis

Whistler's Warbler

Phylloscopus whistleri

Greenish Warbler

Phylloscopus trochiloides

Chestnut-crowned Warbler

Phylloscopus castaniceps

Blyth's Leaf Warbler

Phylloscopus reguloides

Grey-hooded Warbler

Phylloscopus xanthoschistos

Himalayan Prinia

Prinia crinigera

Common Tailorbird

Orthotomus sutorius

Fire-tailed Myzornis

Myzornis pyrrhoura

Rufous-vented Yuhina

Yuhina occipitalis

Indian White-eye

Zosterops palpebrosus

Black-chinned Babbler

Cyanoderma pyrrhops

Rufous-capped Babbler

Cyanoderma ruficeps

Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler

Pomatorhinus ruficollis

Rusty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler

Erythrogenys erythrogenys

Rufous-winged Fulvetta

Schoeniparus castaneceps

Puff-throated Babbler

Pellorneum ruficeps

Striated Laughingthrush

Grammatoptila striata

Streaked Laughingthrush

Trochalopteron lineatum

Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush

Trochalopteron erythrocephalum

Blue-winged Minla

Actinodura cyanouroptera

Red-billed Leiothrix

Leiothrix lutea

White-crested Laughingthrush

Garrulax leucolophus

Regulus regulus

Velvet-fronted Nuthatch

Sitta frontalis

White-tailed Nuthatch

Sitta himalayensis

Acridotheres fuscus

Acridotheres tristis

Zoothera mollissima

Grey-winged Blackbird

Turdus boulboul

White-collared Blackbird

Turdus albocinctus

Oriental Magpie-Robin

Copsychus saularis

Rufous-bellied Niltava

Niltava sundara

Niltava macgrigoriae

Verditer Flycatcher

Eumyias thalassinus

Blue-throated Blue Flycatcher

Cyornis rubeculoides

Spotted Forktail

Enicurus maculatus

Blue Whistling Thrush

Myophonus caeruleus

Indian Blue Robin

Larvivora brunnea

Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher

Ficedula strophiata

Ultramarine Flycatcher

Ficedula superciliaris

White-browed Bush Robin

Tarsiger indicus

Plumbeous Water Redstart

Phoenicurus fuliginosus

Güldenstädt's Redstart

Phoenicurus erythrogastrus

Saxicola ferreus

Siberian Stonechat

Saxicola maurus

White-throated Dipper

Cinclus cinclus

Fire-breasted Flowerpecker

Dicaeum ignipectus

Mrs. Gould's Sunbird

Aethopyga gouldiae

Green-tailed Sunbird

Aethopyga nipalensis

Fire-tailed Sunbird

Aethopyga ignicauda

Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Passer montanus

Passer domesticus

White-rumped Munia

Lonchura striata

Alpine Accentor

Prunella collaris

Prunella rubeculoides

Maroon-backed Accentor

Prunella immaculata

Motacilla cinerea

Paddyfield Pipit

Anthus roseatus

Dark-breasted Rosefinch

Procarduelis nipalensis

Brandt's Mountain Finch

Leucosticte brandti

Streaked Rosefinch

Carpodacus rubicilloides

Himalayan Beautiful Rosefinch

Carpodacus pulcherrimus

Pink-browed Rosefinch

Carpodacus rodochroa

Spot-winged Rosefinch

Carpodacus rodopeplus

Yellow-breasted Greenfinch

Chloris spinoides

White-throated Laughingthrush

Pterorhinus albogularis

Hodgson's Treecreeper

Certhia hodgsoni

Prunella himalayana

Hemitragus jemlahicus

Ochotona roylii

View Complete List (167 more) →

COMMUNITY

0 Community observations

No community observations yet — be the first to log a sighting here.

Natural environment

Makalu Barun National Park

Very cold conditions shape most of the year.

Usual climateTundraHigh mountain

Average annual temperature -1.5 °C Average of the twelve monthly means

Average elevation 4,552 m High mountain

Climate pattern Tundra Also: Temperate with dry winters and mild summers

A year of temperatures

Monthly means, with the coldest and warmest highlighted

Monthly minimum · January -12.0 °C Monthly maximum · August 7.7 °C

Global temperature scale

−40°−20°0°20°40°

Terrain and elevation

4,552 m · High mountain

Average terrain elevation estimate. This hotspot also includes high-mountain areas; the figure does not represent its highest summits.

Elevation scale

4,552 m

02,0004,0006,0008,000m

High mountain

Long-term climate averages, not live weather.

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