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World atlas

Guirá State Park

Protected Landscape · Brazil

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Photo © Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center

Photo © Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center — CC0 1.0 — Source: Wikimedia Commons

ABOUT

Where the cerrado transitions into gallery forest along the Paraguay River's tributaries, Guirá State Park protects a landscape of profound seasonal contrast. The protected landscape encompasses open grasslands dotted with twisted trees adapted to the region's Aw climate—a tropical savanna marked by a pronounced dry season through the Southern Hemisphere's winter months, when water recedes and the vegetation takes on golden, dormant tones. During the wetter summer half-year, watercourses swell and grasses green dramatically, yet the park never achieves the lush density of true rainforest. Birds of prey hunt across the open terrain, while woodland songbirds occupy the scattered gallery forests that ribbon through the terrain. Wading birds concentrate at remaining water sources during the dry months, and small mammals shelter in the scrubby understory and termite mounds that punctuate the landscape. The park's ecological fabric reflects the harsh rhythms of a savanna climate, where adaptation to water scarcity and seasonal fire disturbance shapes every organism that calls it home.

For wildlife enthusiasts, Guirá's appeal lies in its accessibility and the honest beauty of a working cerrado ecosystem, unencumbered by the more famous spectacles of other Brazilian protected areas. The dry season—roughly May through September—offers the clearest visibility for observation, as concentrated water sources draw fauna within closer viewing range and vegetation thins to reveal movement through grassland and scattered woodlands. Photographers will find dramatic light during early mornings and late afternoons, when the low sun models the open terrain and renders birds in sharp relief against the pale sky. The landscape rewards patient observers and those equipped for a subtler, less-crowded wildlife experience than Brazil's better-known reserves, demanding engagement with the park on its own ecological terms rather than pursuit of a predetermined species checklist.

Website uc.socioambiental.org/arp/3439

WILDLIFE

Month

Type

Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus

Ramphastos toco

Southern Screamer

Chauna torquata

White-faced Whistling Duck

Dendrocygna viduata

Black-bellied Whistling Duck

Dendrocygna autumnalis

Chaco Chachalaca

Ortalis canicollis

Band-tailed Nighthawk

Nyctiprogne leucopyga

Coccycua minuta

White-tipped Dove

Leptotila verreauxi

Grey-fronted Dove

Leptotila rufaxilla

Grey-cowled Wood Rail

Aramides cajaneus

Hoploxypterus cayanus

Large-billed Tern

Phaetusa simplex

Mycteria americana

Jabiru mycteria

Neotropic Cormorant

Nannopterum brasilianum

Theristicus caerulescens

Buff-necked Ibis

Theristicus caudatus

Roseate Spoonbill

Boat-billed Heron

Cochlearius cochlearius

Black-crowned Night Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Butorides striata

Coragyps atratus

Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture

Cathartes burrovianus

Pandion haliaetus

Black-collared Hawk

Busarellus nigricollis

Rostrhamus sociabilis

Buteogallus meridionalis

Great Black Hawk

Buteogallus urubitinga

Rupornis magnirostris

Great Horned Owl

Bubo virginianus

Amazon Kingfisher

Chloroceryle amazona

Green Kingfisher

Chloroceryle americana

Ringed Kingfisher

Megaceryle torquata

Red-legged Seriema

Cariama cristata

Crested Caracara

Caracara plancus

Yellow-chevroned Parakeet

Brotogeris chiriri

Orange-winged Amazon

Amazona amazonica

Nanday Parakeet

Aratinga nenday

Golden-collared Macaw

Primolius auricollis

Buff-throated Woodcreeper

Xiphorhynchus guttatus

Narrow-billed Woodcreeper

Lepidocolaptes angustirostris

Furnarius rufus

Black-backed Water Tyrant

Fluvicola albiventer

Machetornis rixosa

Tropical Kingbird

Tyrannus melancholicus

Fork-tailed Flycatcher

Tyrannus savana

Short-crested Flycatcher

Myiarchus ferox

Cyanocorax cyanomelas

White-winged Swallow

Tachycineta albiventer

Black-capped Donacobius

Donacobius atricapilla

Molothrus oryzivorus

Bluish-grey Saltator

Saltator coerulescens

Red-crested Cardinal

Paroaria coronata

Yellow-billed Cardinal

Paroaria capitata

Undulated Tinamou

Crypturellus undulatus

Cairina moschata

Amazonetta brasiliensis

Rusty-margined Guan

Penelope superciliaris

Chestnut-bellied Guan

Penelope ochrogaster

White-throated Piping Guan

Red-throated Piping Guan

Bare-faced Curassow

Crax fasciolata

Nacunda Nighthawk

Chordeiles nacunda

Common Nighthawk

Chordeiles minor

Nyctidromus albicollis

Rufous Nightjar

Antrostomus rufus

Nyctibius grandis

Nyctibius griseus

Buff-bellied Hermit

Phaethornis subochraceus

Planalto Hermit

Phaethornis pretrei

Black-throated Mango

Anthracothorax nigricollis

Glittering-bellied Emerald

Chlorostilbon lucidus

Fork-tailed Woodnymph

Thalurania furcata

Versicolored Emerald

Chrysuronia versicolor

Glittering-throated Emerald

Chionomesa fimbriata

Gilded Sapphire

Hylocharis chrysura

Crotophaga major

Smooth-billed Ani

Common Squirrel Cuckoo

Picazuro Pigeon

Patagioenas picazuro

Pale-vented Pigeon

Patagioenas cayennensis

Columbina squammata

Common Ground Dove

Columbina passerina

Ruddy Ground Dove

Columbina talpacoti

Picui Ground Dove

Columbina picui

Long-tailed Ground Dove

Uropelia campestris

Heliornis fulica

Azure Gallinule

Porphyrio flavirostris

Aramus guarauna

Black-necked Stilt

Himantopus mexicanus

American Golden Plover

Pluvialis dominica

Southern Lapwing

Vanellus chilensis

Gallinago paraguaiae

Wilson's Phalarope

Phalaropus tricolor

Spotted Sandpiper

Actitis macularius

Solitary Sandpiper

Tringa solitaria

Lesser Yellowlegs

Tringa flavipes

Greater Yellowlegs

Tringa melanoleuca

Stilt Sandpiper

Calidris himantopus

White-rumped Sandpiper

Calidris fuscicollis

Pectoral Sandpiper

Calidris melanotos

Yellow-billed Tern

Sternula superciliaris

Eurypyga helias

Ciconia maguari

Anhinga anhinga

Mesembrinibis cayennensis

Bare-faced Ibis

Phimosus infuscatus

White-faced Ibis

Rufescent Tiger Heron

Tigrisoma lineatum

Pilherodius pileatus

Whistling Heron

Syrigma sibilatrix

Little Blue Heron

Egretta caerulea

Sarcoramphus papa

Grey-headed Kite

Leptodon cayanensis

Swallow-tailed Kite

Elanoides forficatus

Long-winged Harrier

Ictinia plumbea

Geranospiza caerulescens

White-tailed Hawk

Geranoaetus albicaudatus

Grey-lined Hawk

Short-tailed Hawk

Buteo brachyurus

Athene cunicularia

Ferruginous Pygmy Owl

Glaucidium brasilianum

Tropical Screech Owl

Megascops choliba

Blue-crowned Trogon

American Pygmy Kingfisher

Chloroceryle aenea

Green-and-rufous Kingfisher

Chloroceryle inda

Rufous-tailed Jacamar

Galbula ruficauda

Black-fronted Nunbird

Monasa nigrifrons

Chestnut-eared Aracari

Pteroglossus castanotis

White Woodpecker

Melanerpes candidus

Yellow-tufted Woodpecker

Melanerpes cruentatus

Little Woodpecker

Veniliornis passerinus

Golden-green Woodpecker

Piculus chrysochloros

Green-barred Woodpecker

Colaptes melanochloros

Colaptes campestris

Pale-crested Woodpecker

Celeus lugubris

Lineated Woodpecker

Dryocopus lineatus

Crimson-crested Woodpecker

Campephilus melanoleucos

Laughing Falcon

Herpetotheres cachinnans

American Kestrel

Falco sparverius

Falco rufigularis

Myiopsitta monachus

Scaly-headed Parrot

Pionus maximiliani

Blue-headed Parrot

Pionus menstruus

Turquoise-fronted Amazon

Amazona aestiva

Peach-fronted Parakeet

Eupsittula aurea

Blue-and-yellow Macaw

Red-and-green Macaw

Ara chloropterus

Red-shouldered Macaw

Diopsittaca nobilis

Blue-crowned Parakeet

Thectocercus acuticaudatus

White-eyed Parakeet

Psittacara leucophthalmus

Olivaceous Woodcreeper

Sittasomus griseicapillus

Great Rufous Woodcreeper

Xiphocolaptes major

Straight-billed Woodcreeper

Dendroplex picus

Red-billed Scythebill

Campylorhamphus trochilirostris

Pale-legged Hornero

Furnarius leucopus

Rufous-fronted Thornbird

Phacellodomus rufifrons

Greater Thornbird

Phacellodomus ruber

Rusty-backed Spinetail

Cranioleuca vulpina

Grey-crested Cacholote

Pseudoseisura unirufa

Yellow-chinned Spinetail

Certhiaxis cinnamomeus

Chotoy Spinetail

Schoeniophylax phryganophilus

White-lored Spinetail

Synallaxis albilora

Pale-breasted Spinetail

Synallaxis albescens

Sooty-fronted Spinetail

Synallaxis frontalis

Black-bellied Antwren

Formicivora melanogaster

Barred Antshrike

Thamnophilus doliatus

Planalto Slaty Antshrike

Thamnophilus pelzelni

Great Antshrike

Cercomacra cinerascens

Mato Grosso Antbird

Cercomacra melanaria

Band-tailed Antbird

Hypocnemoides maculicauda

Grey-headed Elaenia

Myiopagis caniceps

White-crested Elaenia

Elaenia albiceps

Southern Beardless Tyrannulet

Camptostoma obsoletum

Suiriri Flycatcher

Suiriri suiriri

Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant

Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer

Rusty-fronted Tody-Flycatcher

Poecilotriccus latirostris

Common Tody-Flycatcher

Todirostrum cinereum

Yellow-olive Flatbill

Tolmomyias sulphurescens

Fuscous Flycatcher

Cnemotriccus fuscatus

Vermilion Flycatcher

Pyrocephalus rubinus

Yellow-browed Tyrant

Satrapa icterophrys

White-rumped Monjita

Nengetus cinereus

Masked Water Tyrant

Fluvicola nengeta

White-headed Marsh Tyrant

Arundinicola leucocephala

Long-tailed Tyrant

Colonia colonus

Piratic Flycatcher

Legatus leucophaius

Rusty-margined Flycatcher

Myiozetetes cayanensis

Pitangus sulphuratus

Lesser Kiskadee

Philohydor lictor

Boat-billed Flycatcher

Megarynchus pitangua

White-throated Kingbird

Tyrannus albogularis

Rufous Casiornis

Casiornis rufus

Brown-crested Flycatcher

Myiarchus tyrannulus

Black-tailed Tityra

Rufous-browed Peppershrike

Cyclarhis gujanensis

Ashy-headed Greenlet

Hylophilus pectoralis

White-rumped Swallow

Tachycineta leucorrhoa

Brown-chested Martin

Grey-breasted Martin

Progne chalybea

Southern Rough-winged Swallow

Stelgidopteryx ruficollis

Hirundo rustica

Thrush-like Wren

Campylorhynchus turdinus

Buff-breasted Wren

Cantorchilus leucotis

Fawn-breasted Wren

Cantorchilus guarayanus

Masked Gnatcatcher

Polioptila dumicola

Chalk-browed Mockingbird

Mimus saturninus

Creamy-bellied Thrush

Turdus amaurochalinus

Pale-breasted Thrush

Turdus leucomelas

Rufous-bellied Thrush

Turdus rufiventris

Passer domesticus

Yellowish Pipit

Purple-throated Euphonia

Euphonia chlorotica

Grassland Sparrow

Ammodramus humeralis

Rufous-collared Sparrow

Zonotrichia capensis

White-browed Meadowlark

Leistes superciliaris

Crested Oropendola

Psarocolius decumanus

Solitary Cacique

Cacicus solitarius

Yellow-rumped Cacique

Orange-backed Troupial

Icterus croconotus

Variable Oriole

Icterus pyrrhopterus

Icterus cayanensis

Molothrus bonariensis

Scarlet-headed Blackbird

Amblyramphus holosericeus

Chopi Blackbird

Gnorimopsar chopi

Greyish Baywing

Agelaioides badius

Unicolored Blackbird

Agelasticus cyanopus

Yellow-rumped Marshbird

Pseudoleistes guirahuro

Southern Yellowthroat

Geothlypis velata

Tropical Parula

Setophaga pitiayumi

Flavescent Warbler

Myiothlypis flaveola

Nemosia pileata

Hemithraupis guira

Black-throated Saltator

Saltatricula atricollis

Green-winged Saltator

Saltator similis

Blue-black Grassquit

Volatinia jacarina

White-shouldered Tanager

Loriotus luctuosus

Grey Pileated Finch

Coryphospingus pileatus

Red Pileated Finch

Coryphospingus cucullatus

Silver-beaked Tanager

Ramphocelus carbo

Double-collared Seedeater

Sporophila caerulescens

Yellow-bellied Seedeater

Sporophila nigricollis

Rusty-collared Seedeater

Sporophila collaris

Chestnut-vented Conebill

Conirostrum speciosum

Sicalis flaveola

Thraupis sayaca

Thraupis palmarum

Tataupa Tinamou

Crypturellus tataupa

White-collared Swift

Streptoprocne zonaris

Chaetura meridionalis

White-tailed Goldenthroat

Polytmus guainumbi

Plain-breasted Ground Dove

Columbina minuta

Blue Ground Dove

Claravis pretiosa

Zenaida auriculata

Ash-throated Crake

Mustelirallus albicollis

Common Gallinule

Gallinula galeata

Purple Gallinule

Porphyrio martinica

Baird's Sandpiper

Calidris bairdii

Chlidonias niger

Parabuteo unicinctus

American Barn Owl

Cream-colored Woodpecker

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

Cinereous-breasted Spinetail

Synallaxis hypospodia

Dysithamnus mentalis

East Amazonian Fire-eye

Pyriglena leuconota

Elaenia spectabilis

Southern Scrub Flycatcher

Sublegatus modestus

Euler's Flycatcher

Lathrotriccus euleri

White-eyed Attila

Attila bolivianus

White-winged Becard

Pachyramphus polychopterus

American Cliff Swallow

Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

Moustached Wren

Pheugopedius genibarbis

Masked Yellowthroat

Geothlypis aequinoctialis

Golden-crowned Warbler

Basileuterus culicivorus

Buff-throated Saltator

Saltator maximus

Coereba flaveola

Grey-headed Tanager

Eucometis penicillata

Lined Seedeater

Sporophila lineola

White-bellied Seedeater

Sporophila leucoptera

White-wedged Piculet

Picumnus albosquamatus

Greater Capybara

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris

Southern Tamandua

Tamandua tetradactyla

Black-and-gold Howler

Alouatta caraya

South American Coati

Leopardus pardalis

Pteronura brasiliensis

Tapirus terrestris

Blastocerus dichotomus

View Complete List (299 more) →

COMMUNITY

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Natural environment

Guirá State Park

Warm throughout the year, with rainfall patterns shaping the seasons.

Usual climateTropical savanna with dry winterLowland

Average annual temperature 26.3 °C Average of the twelve monthly means

Average elevation 95 m Lowland

Climate pattern Tropical savanna with dry winter Main environment around this hotspot

A year of temperatures

Monthly means, with the coldest and warmest highlighted

Monthly minimum · July 23.1 °C Monthly maximum · October 28.2 °C

Global temperature scale

−40°−20°0°20°40°

Terrain and elevation

95 m · Lowland

Average terrain elevation estimate across the hotspot; the figure does not represent its highest summits.

Elevation scale

95 m

02,0004,0006,0008,000m

Lowland

Long-term climate averages, not live weather.

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