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World atlas

Sierra de Cazorla, Segura y las Villas Nature Park

Natural Park · Spain

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Photo © Veinticuatro de Jahén

Photo © Veinticuatro de Jahén — CC BY-SA 4.0 — Source: Wikimedia Commons

ABOUT

Where granite gorges slice through mountainous terrain in eastern Andalusia, the Sierra de Cazorla, Segura y las Villas Nature Park sprawls across more than 5,200 square kilometres of one of Spain's most ecologically significant landscapes. This protected area encompasses a dramatic mosaic of habitats: limestone peaks and river valleys, dense Mediterranean woodland transitioning to higher-altitude pine and fir forests, and alpine meadows where the terrain climbs toward 2,000 metres. The Guadalquivir River—Spain's longest river—finds its source here, its crystalline waters threading through canyons carved over millennia. The park's elevation gradient creates distinct ecological zones; lower reaches harbour drought-tolerant shrubland and cork oak, while upper slopes support temperate forest communities typical of continental Mediterranean climates. Birds of prey command the thermals above the ridges, while woodland songbirds weave through the canopy and small forest mammals navigate the understory. Amphibians and reptiles thrive in the river systems and rocky outcrops. The biodiversity here reflects the tension between Mediterranean aridity and temperate forest—a meeting place of ecological worlds.

WILDLIFE

Spanish Imperial Eagle

Aquila adalberti

Bearded Vulture

Gypaetus barbatus

Egyptian Vulture

Neophron percnopterus

European Bee-eater

Merops apiaster

Griffon Vulture

Eurasian Chaffinch

Fringilla coelebs

Common Blackbird

Erithacus rubecula

Eurasian Blue Tit

Cyanistes caeruleus

Eurasian Nuthatch

Lophophanes cristatus

Short-toed Treecreeper

Certhia brachydactyla

Garrulus glandarius

Common Wood Pigeon

Columba palumbus

Red-legged Partridge

Tachymarptis melba

Cuculus canorus

European Turtle Dove

Streptopelia turtur

Eurasian Collared Dove

Streptopelia decaocto

Tachybaptus ruficollis

Yellow-legged Gull

Larus michahellis

Ciconia ciconia

Great Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo

European Honey Buzzard

Pernis apivorus

Short-toed Snake Eagle

Circaetus gallicus

Hieraaetus pennatus

Aquila chrysaetos

Eurasian Sparrowhawk

Accipiter nisus

Eurasian Scops Owl

Eurasian Eagle-Owl

Common Kingfisher

Great Spotted Woodpecker

Dendrocopos major

Iberian Green Woodpecker

Falco tinnunculus

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

Eurasian Golden Oriole

Oriolus oriolus

Cyanopica cooki

Eurasian Magpie

Western Jackdaw

Coloeus monedula

Lullula arborea

Eurasian Crag Martin

Ptyonoprogne rupestris

Hirundo rustica

Western House Martin

Delichon urbicum

Long-tailed Tit

Aegithalos caudatus

Western Bonelli's Warbler

Phylloscopus bonelli

Common Chiffchaff

Phylloscopus collybita

Melodious Warbler

Hippolais polyglotta

Eurasian Blackcap

Sylvia atricapilla

Western Subalpine Warbler

Curruca iberiae

Common Firecrest

Regulus ignicapilla

Troglodytes troglodytes

Common Starling

Sturnus vulgaris

Spotless Starling

Sturnus unicolor

Turdus philomelos

Turdus viscivorus

Spotted Flycatcher

Muscicapa striata

Phoenicurus ochruros

Blue Rock Thrush

Monticola solitarius

European Stonechat

Saxicola rubicola

Northern Wheatear

Oenanthe oenanthe

Oenanthe leucura

White-throated Dipper

Cinclus cinclus

Passer domesticus

Alpine Accentor

Prunella collaris

Motacilla cinerea

Fringilla montifringilla

Coccothraustes coccothraustes

European Greenfinch

Chloris chloris

Loxia curvirostra

European Goldfinch

Carduelis carduelis

Serinus serinus

Eurasian Siskin

Emberiza calandra

Emberiza cirlus

Alopochen aegyptiaca

Cairina moschata

Anas platyrhynchos

Coturnix coturnix

Red-necked Nightjar

Caprimulgus ruficollis

European Nightjar

Caprimulgus europaeus

Great Spotted Cuckoo

Clamator glandarius

Gallinula chloropus

Great Crested Grebe

Podiceps cristatus

Eurasian Stone-curlew

Burhinus oedicnemus

Eurasian Woodcock

Scolopax rusticola

Common Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

Lesser Black-backed Gull

Egretta garzetta

Pandion haliaetus

Cinereous Vulture

Aegypius monachus

Bonelli's Eagle

Aquila fasciata

Western Marsh Harrier

Circus aeruginosus

Eurasian Wryneck

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker

Dryobates minor

Eleonora's Falcon

Falco eleonorae

Iberian Grey Shrike

Lanius meridionalis

Woodchat Shrike

Eurasian Skylark

Alauda arvensis

Galerida theklae

Galerida cristata

Greater Short-toed Lark

Calandrella brachydactyla

Riparia riparia

Cetti's Warbler

Phylloscopus trochilus

Iberian Chiffchaff

Phylloscopus ibericus

Common Reed Warbler

Acrocephalus scirpaceus

Western Orphean Warbler

Curruca hortensis

Sardinian Warbler

Curruca melanocephala

Dartford Warbler

Regulus regulus

Turdus torquatus

Common Nightingale

Luscinia megarhynchos

European Pied Flycatcher

Ficedula hypoleuca

Common Redstart

Phoenicurus phoenicurus

Common Rock Thrush

Monticola saxatilis

Saxicola rubetra

Western Black-eared Wheatear

Oenanthe hispanica

Petronia petronia

Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Passer montanus

Spanish Sparrow

Passer hispaniolensis

Prunella modularis

Western Yellow Wagtail

Motacilla flava

Anthus campestris

Anthus pratensis

Linaria cannabina

Carduelis citrinella

Emberiza citrinella

Rallus aquaticus

Western Swamphen

Porphyrio porphyrio

Northern Lapwing

Vanellus vanellus

Black-tailed Godwit

Gallinago gallinago

Green Sandpiper

Tringa ochropus

Ichthyaetus audouinii

Black-crowned Night Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Montagu's Harrier

Circus pygargus

Western Barn Owl

Short-eared Owl

Falco columbarius

Great Reed Warbler

Acrocephalus arundinaceus

Zitting Cisticola

Cisticola juncidis

Luscinia svecica

Anthus spinoletta

Eurasian Bullfinch

Pyrrhula pyrrhula

Ortolan Bunting

Emberiza hortulana

Capra pyrenaica

Common Fallow Deer

Lepus granatensis

Eurasian Red Squirrel

Sciurus vulgaris

West European Hedgehog

Erinaceus europaeus

European Badger

Genetta genetta

Western Roe Deer

Capreolus capreolus

Western Red Deer

Eurasian Wild Pig

European Rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Eurasian Water Vole

Arvicola amphibius

Southwestern Water Vole

Arvicola sapidus

Greater White-toothed Shrew

Crocidura russula

View Complete List (189 more) →

COMMUNITY

0 Community observations

No community observations yet — be the first to log a sighting here.

Natural environment

Sierra de Cazorla, Segura y las Villas Nature Park

Dry conditions dominate, with strong contrasts between day and night.

Usual climateCold semi-aridUpland · Mountain

Average annual temperature 14.1 °C Average of the twelve monthly means

Average elevation 1,059 m Upland

Climate pattern Cold semi-arid Also: Temperate with dry, hot summers · Temperate with dry, mild summers

A year of temperatures

Monthly means, with the coldest and warmest highlighted

Monthly minimum · January 5.3 °C Monthly maximum · July 24.8 °C

Global temperature scale

−40°−20°0°20°40°

Terrain and elevation

1,059 m · Upland

Average terrain elevation estimate across the hotspot; the figure does not represent its highest summits.

Elevation scale

1,059 m

02,0004,0006,0008,000m

Upland

Long-term climate averages, not live weather.

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