Schiermonnikoog National Park

National Park · Netherlands

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Photo © Donarreiskoffer

Photo © Donarreiskoffer — CC BY 4.0 — Source: Wikidata / Wikimedia Commons

Wind-carved dunes and salt marshes stretch across this Frisian barrier island, where shallow coastal waters meet temperate European heathland under a perpetually changeable sky. Schiermonnikoog's landscape embodies the restless ecology of the North Sea fringe—a place where waterlogged soils, salt spray, and maritime weather patterns shape every living thing. The park protects a mosaic of habitats: coastal dunes stabilized by marram grass, wet heathland where dwarf shrubs cling to peaty ground, tidal mudflats and saltmarsh channels, and the shallow Wadden Sea itself. These environments support a wealth of wildlife adapted to regular inundation and nutrient-rich sediments. Wading birds probe the tidal flats year-round; waterfowl congregate in sheltered bays; raptors patrol the marshes and grasslands; and smaller mammals navigate the dunes and heathland edge. The interplay of tidal cycles, seasonal rainfall, and the temperate maritime climate creates a dynamic ecosystem of genuine ecological significance within Europe's coastal network.

Website np-schiermonnikoog.nl

Black-tailed Godwit

White-tailed Eagle

Haliaeetus albicilla

Eurasian Bittern

Botaurus stellaris

Western Marsh Harrier

Circus aeruginosus

Recurvirostra avosetta

Eurasian Oystercatcher

Haematopus ostralegus

Branta bernicla

Branta leucopsis

Taiga Bean Goose

Pink-footed Goose

Anser brachyrhynchus

Greater White-fronted Goose

Anser albifrons

Alopochen aegyptiaca

Common Shelduck

Tadorna tadorna

Tadorna ferruginea

Northern Shoveler

Spatula clypeata

Mareca strepera

Eurasian Wigeon

Mareca penelope

Anas platyrhynchos

Northern Pintail

Aythya fuligula

Somateria mollissima

Melanitta nigra

Melanitta americana

Long-tailed Duck

Clangula hyemalis

Common Goldeneye

Bucephala clangula

Mergellus albellus

Red-breasted Merganser

Mergus serrator

Common Pheasant

Phasianus colchicus

Cuculus canorus

Common Wood Pigeon

Columba palumbus

Eurasian Collared Dove

Streptopelia decaocto

Porzana porzana

Gallinula chloropus

Tachybaptus ruficollis

Great Crested Grebe

Podiceps cristatus

Black-necked Grebe

Podiceps nigricollis

Pluvialis squatarola

European Golden Plover

Pluvialis apricaria

Pacific Golden Plover

Pluvialis fulva

Common Ringed Plover

Charadrius hiaticula

Northern Lapwing

Vanellus vanellus

Eurasian Whimbrel

Numenius phaeopus

Eurasian Curlew

Numenius arquata

Bar-tailed Godwit

Limosa lapponica

Gallinago gallinago

Red-necked Phalarope

Phalaropus lobatus

Common Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

Tringa glareola

Common Redshank

Spotted Redshank

Tringa erythropus

Common Greenshank

Tringa nebularia

Ruddy Turnstone

Arenaria interpres

Calidris canutus

Broad-billed Sandpiper

Calidris falcinellus

Curlew Sandpiper

Calidris ferruginea

Calidris alpina

Thalasseus sandvicensis

Black-legged Kittiwake

Rissa tridactyla

Black-headed Gull

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

Mediterranean Gull

Ichthyaetus melanocephalus

Larus cachinnans

European Herring Gull

Larus argentatus

Great Black-backed Gull

Parasitic Jaeger

Stercorarius parasiticus

Stercorarius skua

Leach's Storm Petrel

Hydrobates leucorhous

Northern Fulmar

Fulmarus glacialis

Ciconia ciconia

Northern Gannet

Great Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo

Eurasian Spoonbill

Platalea leucorodia

Egretta garzetta

European Honey Buzzard

Pernis apivorus

Eurasian Sparrowhawk

Accipiter nisus

Short-eared Owl

Common Kingfisher

Great Spotted Woodpecker

Dendrocopos major

Falco tinnunculus

Woodchat Shrike

Eurasian Magpie

Western Jackdaw

Coloeus monedula

Corvus frugilegus

Eurasian Blue Tit

Cyanistes caeruleus

Eurasian Skylark

Alauda arvensis

Eremophila alpestris

Riparia riparia

Hirundo rustica

Western House Martin

Delichon urbicum

Long-tailed Tit

Aegithalos caudatus

Phylloscopus sibilatrix

Yellow-browed Warbler

Phylloscopus inornatus

Phylloscopus trochilus

Common Chiffchaff

Phylloscopus collybita

Phylloscopus borealis

Acrocephalus schoenobaenus

Icterine Warbler

Hippolais icterina

Eurasian Blackcap

Sylvia atricapilla

Common Whitethroat

Curruca communis

Common Firecrest

Regulus ignicapilla

Troglodytes troglodytes

Common Starling

Sturnus vulgaris

Turdus philomelos

Common Blackbird

Turdus torquatus

Spotted Flycatcher

Muscicapa striata

Erithacus rubecula

Common Nightingale

Luscinia megarhynchos

Luscinia svecica

Phoenicurus ochruros

Common Redstart

Phoenicurus phoenicurus

Saxicola rubetra

European Stonechat

Saxicola rubicola

Northern Wheatear

Oenanthe oenanthe

Passer domesticus

Prunella modularis

Anthus pratensis

European Rock Pipit

Anthus petrosus

Eurasian Chaffinch

Fringilla coelebs

Eurasian Bullfinch

Pyrrhula pyrrhula

European Greenfinch

Chloris chloris

Linaria flavirostris

Linaria cannabina

European Goldfinch

Carduelis carduelis

Eurasian Siskin

Lapland Longspur

Calcarius lapponicus

Plectrophenax nivalis

Common Reed Bunting

Emberiza schoeniclus

Red-breasted Goose

Branta ruficollis

Branta hutchinsii

Bar-headed Goose

Anser caerulescens

Tundra Bean Goose

Anser serrirostris

Lesser White-fronted Goose

Anser erythropus

Cygnus columbianus

Spatula querquedula

Red-crested Pochard

Melanitta fusca

Common Merganser

Mergus merganser

Coturnix coturnix

European Turtle Dove

Streptopelia turtur

Red-necked Grebe

Podiceps grisegena

Podiceps auritus

Black-winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

American Golden Plover

Pluvialis dominica

Eurasian Dotterel

Eudromias morinellus

Anarhynchus alexandrinus

Lymnocryptes minimus

Eurasian Woodcock

Scolopax rusticola

Phalaropus fulicarius

Green Sandpiper

Tringa ochropus

Calidris pugnax

Temminck's Stint

Calidris temminckii

Purple Sandpiper

Calidris maritima

Calidris minuta

Sternula albifrons

Gull-billed Tern

Gelochelidon nilotica

Hydroprogne caspia

Chlidonias niger

Sterna paradisaea

Hydrocoloeus minutus

Yellow-legged Gull

Larus michahellis

Larus hyperboreus

Long-tailed Jaeger

Stercorarius longicaudus

Pomarine Jaeger

Stercorarius pomarinus

Red-throated Loon

Black-throated Loon

European Storm Petrel

Hydrobates pelagicus

Sooty Shearwater

Manx Shearwater

Puffinus puffinus

Plegadis falcinellus

Pandion haliaetus

Black-winged Kite

Elanus caeruleus

Circus macrourus

Rough-legged Buzzard

European Bee-eater

Merops apiaster

Eurasian Wryneck

European Green Woodpecker

Red-footed Falcon

Falco vespertinus

Falco columbarius

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

Melopsittacus undulatus

Eurasian Golden Oriole

Oriolus oriolus

Great Grey Shrike

Lanius excubitor

Red-backed Shrike

Lanius collurio

Garrulus glandarius

Bohemian Waxwing

Bombycilla garrulus

Poecile montanus

Bearded Reedling

Panurus biarmicus

Lullula arborea

Cetti's Warbler

Hume's Leaf Warbler

Phylloscopus humei

Radde's Warbler

Phylloscopus schwarzi

Iberian Chiffchaff

Phylloscopus ibericus

Blyth's Reed Warbler

Acrocephalus dumetorum

Acrocephalus palustris

Common Grasshopper Warbler

Locustella naevia

Curruca nisoria

Regulus regulus

Eurasian Nuthatch

Eurasian Treecreeper

Certhia familiaris

Short-toed Treecreeper

Certhia brachydactyla

Turdus viscivorus

European Pied Flycatcher

Ficedula hypoleuca

Isabelline Wheatear

Oenanthe isabellina

Oenanthe pleschanka

Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Passer montanus

Motacilla cinerea

Richard's Pipit

Anthus richardi

Anthus trivialis

Olive-backed Pipit

Anthus hodgsoni

Red-throated Pipit

Anthus cervinus

Anthus spinoletta

Fringilla montifringilla

Coccothraustes coccothraustes

Common Rosefinch

Carpodacus erythrinus

Acanthis flammea

Serinus serinus

Emberiza citrinella

Ortolan Bunting

Emberiza hortulana

Emberiza pusilla

Emberiza rustica

Setophaga coronata

Anser canagicus

Aix galericulata

Ferruginous Duck

Melanitta perspicillata

European Nightjar

Caprimulgus europaeus

Tachymarptis melba

Oriental Turtle Dove

Streptopelia orientalis

Geopelia cuneata

Eurasian Stone-curlew

Burhinus oedicnemus

Marsh Sandpiper

Tringa stagnatilis

Buff-breasted Sandpiper

Calidris subruficollis

White-winged Tern

Chlidonias leucopterus

Larus glaucoides

Atlantic Puffin

Fratercula arctica

Black Guillemot

Yellow-billed Loon

Gulosus aristotelis

Black-crowned Night Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Griffon Vulture

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker

Dryobates minor

Alexandrine Parakeet

Psittacula eupatria

Lesser Grey Shrike

Lophophanes cristatus

Western Bonelli's Warbler

Phylloscopus bonelli

Pallas's Leaf Warbler

Phylloscopus proregulus

Phylloscopus fuscatus

Eastern Subalpine Warbler

Curruca cantillans

Red-breasted Flycatcher

Red-flanked Bluetail

Tarsiger cyanurus

Siberian Stonechat

Saxicola maurus

Anthus godlewskii

Anthus campestris

Emberiza calandra

White-throated Dipper

Cinclus cinclus

Parrot Crossbill

Loxia pytyopsittacus

Lepus europaeus

European Rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Long-tailed Field Mouse

Apodemus sylvaticus

Rattus norvegicus

West European Hedgehog

Erinaceus europaeus

Greater White-toothed Shrew

Crocidura russula

Halichoerus grypus

Harbor Porpoise

Phocoena phocoena

Microtus arvalis

Ondatra zibethicus

Myotis dasycneme

Daubenton's Myotis

Myotis daubentonii

Nathusius's Pipistrelle

Pipistrellus nathusii

Common Pipistrelle

Pipistrellus pipistrellus

Odobenus rosmarus

Common Minke Whale

Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Megaptera novaeangliae

Panglobal Common Dolphin

Delphinus delphis

Common Bottlenose Dolphin

Tursiops truncatus

Common Killer Whale

Physeter macrocephalus

Sowerby's Beaked Whale

Mesoplodon bidens

Western Roe Deer

Capreolus capreolus

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